Hacettepe University / Department of Chemical Engineering / Undergraduate

Technical Elective Courses

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Technical Elective I 

KMU 314 Biotechnology I (3.0.3) ECTS 5
Introduction to biotechnology. Biochemicals and their functions in living systems: lipids, carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins, nucleotide, RNA and DNA, and hybrid biochemicals. Enzymes: introduction to biocatalysts, enzyme kinetics, influences of enzyme activity, enzyme deactivation. Immobilized enzymes: methods of immobilization, mass transfer, and electrostatic effects in immobilized enzyme systems. Some industrial applications of free and immobilized enzymes.

KMU 386 Polymer Science and Technology I (3.0.3) ECTS 5
Introduction: historical development, definition, naming, classification, sources of technical information and standards.  Chemistry and molecular structure of polymers: primary and secondary bonds, morphology (crystalline and amorphous structures, orientation). Chemical and physical characterization of polymers: chemical instrumental analysis, average molecular weights and molecular weight distribution, thermal transitions (melting and glass transition). Mechanical properties of polymers and related tests: short-term tensile properties, bending properties, dynamic properties (fatique and fracture), impact properties, hardness and abrasion. Other properties of polymers: thermal, electrical and optical properties, chemical and thermal resistances, degradation. Polymer solutions and gels: solubility of polymers, viscosity of polymer solutions, polymeric gel structure and properties. Polymer melts: properties, melt viscosity (definitions and measurement).

KMU 396  Material Science and Technology I (3.0.3) ECTS 5
Classification of materials, introduction of new ceramics, applications in technology, crystal structures, relationship between crystal structures and material properties (ferroelectrics, piezoelectrics, magnetic materials, conductivity and superconductivity), defects in materials, structural equilibrium and stability, corrosion and forms of corrosion.

Technical Elective II 

KMU 407 Polymer Science and Technology II (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Polymer synthesis: chain polymerization by using radicals, ions and coordination complex agents, condensation polymerization, radiation initiated polymerization, plasma polymerization, electrochemical polymerization, and others. Polymerization processes: bulk, solution, suspension, emulsion, dispersion and others. Introduction to technologies related to plastics, fibers, rubbers, coatings and adhesives. Comodity and major engineering plastics: synthesis, processes, properties and major applications. Polymer composites and blends.

KMU 413 Biotechnology II (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Introduction to microbiology: the structure of cells, taxonomy, important cell types, and cell nutrients. Kinetics of microorganism growth and product formation: batch, continuous and fed-batch culture kinetics. Stoichiometry of microbial growth and product formation: elementary balances, degree of reduction. Some industrial applications: Production of enzymes, organic acids, nucleotides, amino acids, antibiotics, and biopolymers. Downstream processes for separation and purification: separation of insoluble products, cell disruption, separation of soluble products. Bioprocess economics: fine chemicals, fermentation process economics, a complete example.

KMU 479  Material Science and Technology II (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Kinetics of materials,  mechanical properties of materials (Elastic deformation and stress distributions, stress-strain relations, fracture of materials), standard tests, strengthening mechanisms (yielding, deformation at elevated temperature, mechanizm of fracture), relation between mechanical properties and microstructure (cold working and hot working of metals, composite materials), characterisation of microstructure (microscopic techniques, XPS, X-ray diffraction)

Technical Elective III 

KMU 408 Polymer Science and Technology III (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Rheology of polymer melts: flow models, viscoelastic behaviour, effects of several parameters on viscosity, rheometers. Extrusion: main elements, screws (structure  and design), dies (structures and design), other downstream equipment, major extrusion processes (pipe, tube, film, sheet, and profile extrusion, wire coating, blown-film extrusion, extrusion of rubbers, reactive extrusion, postforming operations, operating tips and troubleshooting. Injection molding: cycle of operation, machine construction details, mold construction and design, orientation and shrinkage, troubleshooting in injection molding of thermoplactics, injection molding of fiber-reinforced and filled thermoplastics, injection molding of thermosettes, other special injection moldingmachines and processes. Blow molding: extrusion blow molding, injection blow molding, process details, mold construction details. Other processing techniques: thermoforming, rotational molding, casting, powder coating. Processing of polymer composites: open mold processes, filament winding, compression molding, reaction injection molding, resin transfer molding, pultrusion. Foams and foam processes. Compounding, mixing and dispersing processes Guidelines for material selection, and product design .

KMU  446 Biotechnology III (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Metabolic pathway engineering: how cells work, major metabolic pathways, how cellular information is altered. Tissue engineering: plant and mammalian cell cultures. Recombinant DNA technology: restriction endonucleases, plasmid cloning vectors, creating and screening a gene library, genetic transformation of procaryotes. Protein engineering: directed mutagenesis producers, increasing enzymatic activity and modifying enzyme specificity. Application of genetic engineering: microbial synthesis of commercial products, molecular diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutic agents, microbial insecticides, proteins from recombinant microorganisms, waste treatment with genetically engineered microorganisms. Transgenic plants and animals and related applications.

KMU 496 Material Science and Technology III (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Electronic devices, electrons in solids, electronic transport, electrical properties of junctions, magnetic and optical properties of materials, processes for electronic material production (thin film processing, semiconductor processing, solid-state devices, wire technology, magnetic and optical devices).

Technical Elective IV 

KMU 404 Petrochemical Engineering (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Introduction to petrochemical complexes: Feedstocks; basic building block processes (synthesis gas, steam cracking and catalytic reforming); Final products. Ethylene and co-products by steam cracking. Other sources of olefinic products. Production of aromatics. Principles of polymerization and polymerization reactors. Ethylene, propylene and BTX  derivatives. Flowsheeting and design of petrochemical plants.

KMU 442 Catalysts (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Principles and mechanism of catalysis. Classification, preparation methods and general characteristics of catalysts. Adsorption on solid surfaces. Kinetics of fluid-solid catalytic reactions. Chemical reaction and diffusion in porous catalysts. Reactor design for heterogeneous catalytic reaction. Deactivation of catalysts.

KMU  448 Waste Water Treatment (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Enviromental view of pollution, waste water treatment methods. Principles of biological treatment methods. Aerobic treatment and mass transfer. Anaerobic treatment. Mathematical modeling, economy and design of biological treatment methods. Applications of waste water treatment at industrial plants.

KMU 460 Research and Development Project (1.6.3) ECTS 4
Application of chemical engineering  principles into research development or design projects, completion of an individual project. Seminar presentation.

KMU 472 Introduction to Pharmaceutical Technology (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Buildings, equipment and facilities, design characteristics in pharmaceutical industries. Concepts and philosophy for good manufacturing practice (GMP), Manufacturing operations and process validation quidelines. Review and comparison of current regulations. 

KMU 474 Introduction to Textile Engineering (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Modification of fibers and fabrics by special treatments. Dyeing, bleaching, printing, dimensional stability, finishing, water and waste disposal in textile industry.

KMU 476 Process Optimization (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Optimization concept. Process systems and subsystems approach. Process systems and analysis techniques. Iterative methods. Linear and dynamic programming techniques used in process optimization.

KMU 478 Process Instrumentation (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Introduction to the control and instrumentation systems. Flow, humidity, light, radioactivity temperature and concentration measurements. Basic transducer definitions.

KMU 480 Energy Technology (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Energy sources. Transportation and storage of energy. Fossil fuels. Coal technology, solar energy, biogas, electrical energy and nuclear energy. Economical and thermodynamical analysis of energy conversions.

KMU 484 Electrochemical Engineering  (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Properties of solids used as electrodes. Transportation properties of electrolytes. Reversible and irreversible thermodynamics of electrochemical cell. Primary and secondary fuel cells. Chemical erosion, applications of electrolysis, electrodialysis and galvano plastics.

KMU 486 Air Polluction in Chemical Industries (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Description of air pollution and clasification of air pollutants. Sampling and measurement techniques for main industrial air pollutants. Main industries responsible from air pollution and their emissions. Measures to be taken against industrial air pollution. Alternative solutions for selected industries. Modelling of point sources. Related regulations, national and international standards.

KMU 488 Material Science and Technology-General Overwiev (3.0.3) ECTS 4
Classification of materials, introduction to new ceramics, applications in technology, crystal structures, relationship between crystal structures and material properties, relation between mechanical properties and microstructure, characterisation of microstructure, electronic devices, electronic transport, processes for electronic material production.

KMU 490 Biotechnologies: General Overview ( 3.0.3) ECTS 4
General definitions about biotechnology. Enzymes: properties, characterization, kinetics, immobilization and selected use. Microorganisms: properties, kinetics, genetic modification, and selected use. Animal and plant cells: properties, kinetics, genetic modification, and selected use. Bioseparation.

KMÜ 492 Polymer Technologies: General Overview (3.0.3) ECTS 4
General definitions about polymers. Properties of polymers. Polymer synthesis. Characterization of polymers. Polymer production methods. Processing of polymers. Characterization of polymeric products and related standards. Examples of commercial polymers. Applications of polymers: plastics, coatings, rubbers and fibers